By Dr. Itua Enakhe (OD)
What is Hordeolum?
Hordeolum, often called stye, is an inflammatory infection of the eyelid usually caused by bacteria. It often results from touching or rubbing the eyes with dirty hands or from a blockage in the duct that connects the eye to the tear drainage canal.
This condition commonly affects just one eyelid (either upper or lower) and can be classified into two types:
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External stye: visible on the outer part of the eyelid with obvious swelling
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Internal stye: occurs within the eyelid and is less visible, making it harder to detect
Styes are more frequent in children but can affect anyone. They may recur, alternate between eyes, or even appear in both eyes at the same time.
Symptoms of Stye
A stye usually presents with:
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Pain in the eyelid
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Redness and inflammation
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Swelling that is tender to touch
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Heaviness or drooping of the lid
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A foreign body sensation
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Mild irritation
In most cases, vision remains unaffected.
Diagnosing a Stye
An optometrist or ophthalmologist can diagnose a stye during a comprehensive eye exam. This includes ruling out other conditions that may look similar, such as chalazion, blepharitis, or more serious conditions like basal cell carcinoma.
How is a Stye Treated?
Depending on the severity and type, a stye can be treated in the following ways:
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Warm compresses to reduce discomfort and encourage natural drainage
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Topical or oral antibiotics to fight infection
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Anti-inflammatory and pain medications
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Surgical drainage for severe or persistent cases
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Observation in mild cases that resolve on their own
If a stye ruptures while you’re asleep, gently clean the area with warm water and apply antibiotic ointment. For internal styes that rupture, ointment should be applied to the inner eyelid (palpebral conjunctiva and cul-de-sac).
Important Note
Before treating any eye condition on your own, it’s essential to visit an eye clinic for a comprehensive examination. Some other eyelid conditions can mimic styes but may require a different approach, especially serious issues like basal cell carcinoma.
Self-diagnosis or treatment can delay proper care and increase the risk of complications.
FAQs
Can a stye heal on its own?
Yes, mild styes often resolve without treatment, but medical care ensures faster relief and prevents complications.
Is a stye contagious?
It can be, especially if bacteria are transferred through shared towels or hand contact.
Should I squeeze or pop a stye?
No, doing so can worsen the infection and delay healing.
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