By Dr. Itua Enakhe (OD)
Congenital eye diseases are abnormalities in the eye present at birth. These conditions can range from minor, treatable issues to severe disorders that may cause vision loss. Early detection and intervention by an optometrist at SpecSMART Eye Clinic Ikeja are crucial for preserving vision and improving outcomes for affected children.
What Are Congenital Eye Diseases?
Congenital eye diseases are structural or functional abnormalities of the eye present from birth. They result from disruptions during the delicate process of eye development, which begins as early as the fourth week of pregnancy. These conditions can affect any part of the eye, including the cornea, lens, retina, optic nerve, and more. At SpecSMART Eye Clinic Ikeja, our optometrists are trained to recognize and manage these complex conditions.
Causes of Congenital Eye Diseases
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Genetic factors: Inherited gene mutations or chromosomal abnormalities can lead to congenital eye defects.
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Infections during pregnancy: Maternal infections like rubella or chickenpox can disrupt normal eye development.
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Exposure to teratogens: Harmful substances (certain medications, alcohol, drugs, or toxic chemicals) taken during pregnancy increase risk.
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Unknown causes: Sometimes, no specific cause is identified.
How to Recognize Congenital Eye Diseases in Children
Watch for these signs:
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Abnormal eye appearance (e.g., whitish or cloudy eyes, enlarged eyes)
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Poor vision or lack of visual response in infancy
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Abnormal eye movements (such as squint or nystagmus)
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Persistent eye discharge after birth
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Sensitivity to light
If you notice any of these symptoms, consult an optometrist at SpecSMART Eye Clinic Ikeja for a comprehensive eye examination.
Diagnosis at SpecSMART Eye Clinic Ikeja
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Basic eye examination: Performed by an optometrist to detect visible abnormalities.
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Advanced imaging: CT scan, ultrasound, or MRI may be recommended for detailed assessment.
Common Types of Congenital Eye Diseases
| Disorder | Description & Symptoms | Treatment Options |
|---|---|---|
| Congenital Glaucoma | Raised eye pressure due to abnormal drainage; signs include cloudy, enlarged eyes, light sensitivity, excessive tearing | Immediate surgery (trabeculectomy), pressure-lowering eye drops |
| Aniridia | Partial or complete absence of the iris; causes glare, light sensitivity, blurry vision | Regular check-ups, manage complications (e.g., cataracts, glaucoma) |
| Coloboma | Missing part of the eye (iris, lens, retina, etc.); severity varies by location | Therapy, glasses, medications, surgery |
| Congenital Cataracts | Clouding of the lens from birth; may cause vision loss if untreated | Early surgical removal |
Treatment Plan at SpecSMART Eye Clinic Ikeja
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Individualized approach: Treatment depends on the specific disorder and affected eye structures.
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Parental counseling: Families are educated about the condition, prognosis, and care needs.
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Special education: Early intervention and special education support can improve outcomes.
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Active parental involvement: Essential for therapy and rehabilitation.
What Do We Advise at SpecSMART Eye Clinic Ikeja?
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Seek prompt evaluation by an optometrist if you notice any abnormality in your child's eyes or vision.
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Be vigilant if there is a family history of eye diseases, as some conditions are genetic.
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Educate family members about the importance of early detection and treatment.
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Support your child with special education and vision therapy as recommended by your optometrist at SpecSMART Eye Clinic Ikeja.
(FAQs)
What is the role of an optometrist in managing congenital eye diseases?
Optometrists at SpecSMART Eye Clinic Ikeja are trained to detect, diagnose, and manage congenital eye conditions. They provide vision assessments, prescribe corrective lenses, and coordinate care with ophthalmologists for surgical needs.
Can congenital eye diseases be prevented?
While not all cases are preventable, avoiding harmful substances during pregnancy and managing maternal infections can reduce risk.
Is surgery always required for congenital eye diseases?
Not always. Some conditions may be managed with glasses, medications, or therapy. Surgery is necessary for severe cases like congenital cataracts or glaucoma.
How often should my child’s eyes be checked?
Children should have their eyes examined at birth, during infancy, and regularly as they grow—especially if there is a family history of eye disorders. Schedule regular appointments with an optometrist at SpecSMART Eye Clinic Ikeja.
📍Contact SpecSMART Eye Clinic Ikeja
Address: Ile-Oja Mall, Opebi Link Road, Opebi, Ikeja.
Phone: 0703 839 1197
📍Learn More
Our 5-step eye test process explained in more detail.
For expert eye care and compassionate support, trust the team at SpecSMART Eye Clinic Ikeja—your child’s vision is our priority.